Introduction to OS

 Operating system:

1.Hard ware : It is about peripheral components I/O Operations.

2.Software: it used for computer program. The instructions are written in a language understand by computer.

Types: 1. System software

            2. Application software 

1.system software: ( It is directly related to hardware and performance task and utilizing.

Example: MS word ,excel ,ppt, etc..

Classes system software:

1.System control program (control and excuted the program ,storage, processing resources of the computer and motoring function)

Ex: operating system.

2.System Support program: (provide routine serive function to the other computer program and users)

Ex: Utilities(Disc management, Backup, antivirus, File manager), Libraries, Text editors (Vi, Emacs, Nano).

3.System Development Programs(programming language, language translator)

System Software:

1.Control the overall operation (OS)

2.Interact Directly with hardware (Device driver)

3.perfomance system management and maintenance (utilities)

4.Are used to develop or maintain other programs (language translator)

Function of OS:

•Process management

•Memory management

•Resource management

•I/O Operations

•Data management.

Inter active text editor

1.Note pad

2.Word pad

3.Micro soft word 

On Unix os (vi ,Emacs ,Nano)

Debugger:

1.An interactive debugging system provides programming with facilities testing debugging progam.

2.detect the errors in other programs

Firmware:

1.OS components that stored permanently on chip(ROM) and not disk drive

2.first program always excites.

3.IBM compatible PC's called as BIOS.

4.Firmware consists start up and a few low level I/O routines that assist the computer in finding out and executing the rest of OS.

TYPES OF OS:

1.Desktop OS: It is pc and laptop for non enter prices environment.

Ex: Windows XP home edition, window 7 home premium, windows 10 home.

2.Network OS: 1.client machine: eg windows 7 professional, windows 10 pro. 

                             2. Server OS: Eg windows 2012/16/19 server, RHEL 7,8.

3.Internet OS: router switch and firewall Ex: Cisco IOS, Jonson OS.

•Most commonly used (GUI PRONOUNCED AS gooey) like icons, mouse, button and menu everything clearly display on screen.

•Ex windows, Mac ox , Linux , chrome is

Microsoft windows:

1.Window 10(2015)

2.Window 8(2012)

3. Windows 7(2009)

4. Windows Vista(2007)

Linux OS :

•Family of Open Source which means it modified and distributed.

•Proprietary Software is windows.

• This is free

Mac OS:(Unix OS)

1.devlop by apple

2 .it comes preloaded all new Macintosh Computers or Macs.

3.Recent Version is OS X (Pronounce OS TEN)

Example: Catalina (2019),Mojave(2018),High Sierra (2017), Yosemite (2014) , Maverick (2013), Mountain Lion(2012) and Lion(2011).

Chromium OS:

•Open source. Fast, simple, secure.

Mobile OS:

•Android 

•Apple IOS

•Black berry

•Window Phone.

ROLES OF OS:

1.determain what type of software we can install.

2.Coordinating the application running on computer at given time.

3.Make sure  hardware all communicate properly.

4.allowing application. Web browser

5.reporting error

6.control hardware and software behave flexible.

7.Provides stable

OS model examples:

1.Linux 

2.Net/free/open BSD

4.Solaries

5.Minix

6.GNU HARD 

7. XOL

8.REACTOR 

OS: 5 LAYERS 

1.Application program

2 .System program

3. Operating System

4. Machine language

5. Hardware

Providing a CLI interface

•Linux 

•Unix

•MS Doc

History phase -1:

•Hardware: mainframe

•OS: human operation ( jobs enter in punch card)

•OS design goal: 

•Batch system: set of jobs with similar needs

•Multiprogramming: multiple Program at a time

Ex I/O Operations and CPU BOND JOBS 

Main memory consists of 5jobs at a time

History phase 2:

•Hardware : Terminals

•Time sharing System

Ex multics ,Unix etc

History phase -3:

Hardware: pc

• OS designed goal:

1.multi tasking the ability run multiple program on the same machine at the same time .

2.Mulyiple processing the ability to use multiple processors on the same machine.

History phase-4:

•Distributed Operating System distributed the application are running on multiple computers linked by communication.

2.networkimg(Lan)

3.services(computing,file manager)

History -5:

Mobile phone developed.

Open Source Initiative (OSI) is dedicated to prompt open source software.

Open source project:

1 send mail

2 Apache we server

3 Linux (RHEL)

4 GNOME(Unix)

Commercial os Vs os

Linux OS kernel at 1991

THANK YOU .....

Quiz link:

https://it-topper.blogspot.com/2022/09/quiz-introduction-of-os_17.html